The Church’s dialogue with the world in the light of the anthropology of the Second Vatican Council

The article examines the dialogue between the Church and the modern world in light of the anthropological vision of the Second Vatican Council. Its starting point is the claim that dialogue is neither merely a communicative strategy nor a pastoral supplement to doctrinal teaching, but rather a direct consequence of the conciliar understanding of Revelation and of an integral, Christocentric Christian anthropology. Drawing primarily on an analysis of the Pastoral Constitution Gaudium et spes, as well as selected conciliar documents and Pope Paul VI’s encyclical Ecclesiam suam, the author outlines the theological foundations of dialogue rooted in the dignity of the human person, humanity’s openness to transcendence, and the social nature of human existence. The article further explores the implications of this anthropological framework for the Church’s mission in the world, particularly with regard to the discernment of the signs of the times, the defense of human rights, the humanization of temporal realities, and commitment to peace and solidarity. The study concludes that dialogue with the world constitutes a constitutive dimension of the Church’s evangelizing mission, grounded in the logic of the Incarnation and oriented toward the service of the human person.