Is the angel an authority for the characters of biblical narratives? Analysis of the issue based on Gen 18:1–16; 19:1–26

This chapter by Hanna Walentyna Górska addresses the issue of angelic authority in biblical narratives, using Gen 18:1–16 and 19:1–26 as case studies. The author analyzes to what extent angels, as God's messengers, are seen as authorities by the biblical characters they encounter: Abraham, Sarah, Lot, and his family. The research reveals various reactions from these characters, ranging from distrust, through distance, to partial recognition of the angels’ unique roles. The work distinguishes types of authority (charismatic, deontic, epistemic, moral) and examines which are embodied by the angels. Detailed analysis indicates that both Abraham and Lot may be in early stages of recognizing the angels as authorities, but do not always adopt their instructions uncritically. Sarah and Lot’s wife remain skeptical or indifferent toward the supernatural guests. The conclusions show that angelic authority is not automatically granted by mere intervention, but results from the relationship, trust, and perception of the recipients.